Confusing question I solved (Kind of)

D is correct, none of the other options would be.

"demand" takes "for" as a preposition. it's just a quirk of the word. "since" references a specific point in time. the context here could have happened any time between a minute ago and 365 days ago. so we have to use "in"

Who makes these tests?  Pay rises?  

‘Since the last year’ doesn’t make sense, it would have to be ‘since last year’ or ‘since the previous year’.

D is definitely the most correct, but personally I think A works as well. It’s a little weird but I don’t think it’s necessarily wrong. B and C are definitely wrong. E is reasonable but “demand in” doesn’t quite work. You could write it as “a recent increase in demand” but not “a recent demand in”

I’m only sitting at C1 and not even close to being proficient in English imo, but what the hell is a “demand in pay rises”? Isn’t it “raises”?

Since represents the timespan. We are talking about raises which generally are evaluated annually (in the US). It’s also a little odd that there’s an increase in demand since it should be a normal expectation, not an unusual one. Again the context of the Q&A is not overly applicable for the US population.

E is right. The clue is have not received and has been, which are both present perfect, so you use since or for. And this case the last year is a fixed point, so since is correct

I have heard Indians use "since" in this way in E. I don't consider it correct though, I would only ever use "in" here as in D. Or if you remove "the" - "...have not received once since last year" would be correct

I’ll start at the second word since it is easier. The word “the” here is a big clue. Because it is indicating the whole last year as an object you use “in.” If it had just said “… last year.” It would be indicating a more specific date so you would use “since.” The first one is a little trickier. Pay rises is an action so there would be demand “for” that action to happen.

If the word 'the' wasn't in front of 'last year' your answer would have been the best answer in causal conversation. Not an English teacher but a native speaker and feels more natural without 'the' in my opinion

While "over" does not sound too bad, "demand" is typically collocated with "for + noun", " of + someone" and "to + verb"

Both D and E are correct, but D is better than E. E implies pay raises are a separate commodity, which is not true; you cannot purchase an increase in the amount you get paid per hour.

D is right but they only say pay rises in England. In the us it’s pay raises

D. (Demand for) (in the last year)

\*raises

I agree with your answer

The choice between **"demand for," "demand of,"** and **"demand to"** depends on context and meaning. Here's how they differ: 1. **Demand for** – This is the most common phrase, used when referring to the desire or need for something. - *Example:* There is a high **demand for** electric cars. - *Meaning:* People want or need electric cars. 2. **Demand of** – This is less common and is usually used to indicate a requirement or expectation from someone/something. - *Example:* The **demands of** the job were exhausting. - *Meaning:* The job had requirements that were difficult. 3. **Demand to** – This is used when referring to an action, often in legal or formal contexts, where someone insists on something happening. - *Example:* He made a **demand to** see the manager. - *Meaning:* He insisted on seeing the manager. Here are five examples for each: ### **"Demand for" (expressing desire or need for something)** 1. There is a growing **demand for** organic food. 2. The **demand for** skilled workers has increased. 3. The company is struggling to meet the **demand for** its new product. 4. Rising fuel prices have led to a decline in the **demand for** cars. 5. The government is working to reduce the **demand for** single-use plastics. ### **"Demand of" (expressing a requirement or expectation from someone/something)** 1. The **demands of** his job left him exhausted. 2. Parenting comes with many **demands of** patience and responsibility. 3. The **demands of** modern society can be overwhelming. 4. The **demands of** the project required extra funding. 5. Athletes must meet the physical **demands of** their sport. Would you like more clarification on when to use each?

E

Using "since" like in option E is often a give away that a person speaks a Romance language. Desde/Depuis in Spanish and French

A or d

raises! pay raises!

"since the last year" sounds awful, so I'mma rule out option E. so do "at the last year", B, A. I'mma say D. For pay rises and in the last year.

(Who have not recieved one)

E would make the most sense if the question was structured normally. I don't know what the person who wrote the test was smoking.